Lesson 5: Coding Agents

import json
import os
import shlex
import subprocess
from openai import OpenAI

client = OpenAI(
    api_key=os.environ["GLOO_API_KEY"],
    base_url="https://platform.ai.gloo.com/ai/v2/direct",
)

MODEL = "gloo-anthropic-claude-sonnet-5.5"
MAX_STEPS = 10  # stop a runaway loop

tools = [{
    "type": "function",
    "function": {
        "name": "run_command",
        "description": "Run a shell command in the project folder and return its output.",
        "parameters": {
            "type": "object",
            "properties": {"command": {"type": "string"}},
            "required": ["command"],
        },
    },
}]


def run_command(call):
    # The model wrote these arguments: check them before using them.
    try:
        command = json.loads(call.arguments).get("command")
    except (ValueError, AttributeError):
        command = None
    if call.name != "run_command" or not isinstance(command, str) or not command.strip():
        return "Error: call run_command with a non-empty string 'command'."
    # Approval: a person decides before anything runs.
    if input(f"Run `{command}`? [y/N] ").strip().lower() != "y":
        return "The user denied this command. Try another approach or ask them."
    try:
        done = subprocess.run(shlex.split(command), capture_output=True, text=True, timeout=60)
    except FileNotFoundError:
        return f"Error: command not found: {command}"
    except OSError as exc:  # for example, permission denied
        return f"Error: could not run the command: {exc}"
    except subprocess.TimeoutExpired:
        return "Error: the command ran for more than 60 seconds and was stopped."
    except ValueError as exc:  # for example, an unclosed quote
        return f"Error: could not parse the command: {exc}"
    return (done.stdout + done.stderr)[-4000:]  # keep the context small


conversation = [{"role": "user", "content": "Find out which Python version is installed."}]

for step in range(MAX_STEPS):  # 4. Repeat
    response = client.responses.create(
        model=MODEL,
        instructions="You are a careful coding agent. Say your plan in one line, then use run_command one step at a time.",
        input=conversation,
        tools=tools,
    )
    calls = [item for item in response.output if item.type == "function_call"]
    if not calls:
        print(response.output_text)  # 5. Stop: the model answered
        break
    for call in calls:  # 2. Act and 3. Observe
        result = run_command(call)
        conversation += [
            {"type": "function_call", "call_id": call.call_id, "name": call.name, "arguments": call.arguments},
            {"type": "function_call_output", "call_id": call.call_id, "output": result},
        ]
else:
    print(f"Stopped after {MAX_STEPS} steps without finishing. Review what ran, then try a smaller task.")